An allergy is an excessive and inappropriate reaction of the immune system to certain proteins, known as allergens. These substances are mistakenly perceived as a threat and trigger an excessive immune response. Although allergic reactions can vary (e.g., seasonal allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, eczema, or food allergies), they share the common feature of being accompanied by an improperly regulated immune response and inflammation.
When allergens enter the body, the immune system recognizes them as foreign bodies and responds by producing specific antibodies called Immunoglobulin E (IgE). These antibodies trigger the release of chemical mediators such as histamine, leading to typical inflammation symptoms such as itching, tissue swelling, nasal discharge, or breathing difficulties.
Based on these mechanisms, scientists are specifically researching probiotic strains that can help strengthen the body’s protective barriers, restore bacterial balance, and modulate the immune response. By activating Th1 lymphocytes, reducing the Th2 response, and stimulating regulatory lymphocytes, probiotics contribute to better inflammation regulation. Their role in preventing allergic diseases in at-risk individuals, especially in atopic families, as well as in the treatment of allergy sufferers, shows promising perspectives.
Studies also suggest that certain probiotic strains, when taken before the pollen season, may reduce the intensity of hay fever by modulating the immune response and reducing inflammation in the respiratory mucous membranes. Among the available solutions, the dietary supplement PHARMALP PRO-A from the Swiss company Pharmalp relies on a careful selection of its strains to support the microbiome balance and promote better tolerance to allergens.
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